A
conventional water heater typically lasts just over a decade. If your unit is
reaching the end of its service life, it’s a good time to start looking for a
replacement. Since a water heater accounts for more than 15 percent of a home’s
energy use, weighing the efficiency as well as the price of a replacement model
is important. Here’s a quick guide to help you get started.
Conventional Storage Water
Heaters
Conventional
storage water heaters are the most common type of water heater available. They
offer a reservoir of hot water perfect for heavy home use. One of the main
advantages of conventional water heaters is their flexibility; you can power
them from a range of sources, including electricity, natural gas, fuel oil, and
propane. On the other hand, the costs to heat and store water while not in use are
a significant disadvantage. If you don’t use much hot water in your home, it
may be best to look for alternative models.
Tankless Water Heaters
Tankless
water heaters provide hot water whenever it is needed, avoiding the standby
costs of conventional units. They’re a good choice for homes with low hot water
usage—as even the most demand-intensive models can have trouble supplying water
to multiple sources at a time. Tankless water heaters come in multiple varieties.
Large gas-fired and electric-powered models can meet the hot water demands of
an entire home. For maximum efficiency, however, you can install individual
water heaters at each faucet and showerhead.
Heat Pump Water Heaters
Heat
pump water heaters move heat rather than generating directly into water. These
are a good option for mild climates like that of the Portland area as they use
warmth from the surrounding air to heat up water. Installing in a warm space
such as a furnace room will produce the best results. In the winter, heat pump
water heaters can be combined with conventional heating methods to create a
year-round system.
Alternative Water Heaters
In
addition to the “big three” water heater varieties, there are a host of
alternative water heating methods available to the homeowner willing to think
outside the box. If you use geothermal heat pumps to heat and cool your home,
you can integrate it with a water heating system by installing a desuperheater.
Solar water heaters use the sun’s heat to produce hot water, but they’re a poor
choice in the cloudy Pacific Northwest. Finally, tankless coil heaters produce
hot water directly from a furnace or boiler. They’re a highly efficient option
for the winter months, but won’t do you much good during the height of summer.
Learn
more about the anatomy of a conventional storage tank water heater at our water heater page. For more insight on water
heater maintenance and replacement, visit our Ask the Expert page.